제주장학재단

Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (PEALD) combines the advantages of plasma and ALD to achieve higher film quality, lower deposition temperatures, and broader material compatibility. PEALD systems are widely used in microelectronics, optoelectronics, surface engineering, and other fields. 

Product Features:

1.Plasma-Enhanced Reactions: PEALD uses plasma to excite reaction gases, enabling film deposition at lower temperatures, making it suitable for temperature-sensitive materials like organics or flexible substrates.

2.Higher Film Density and Purity: Plasma provides high-energy reactants, allowing the deposition of dense and pure films at lower temperatures, reducing defects and impurities.

3.Excellent Film Thickness Uniformity: Retains the ALD advantage of uniform film coverage on complex 3D structures and high aspect ratio substrates, essential for device miniaturization and nanostructure fabrication.

4.Flexible Process Control: Independent control of plasma generation and ALD precursor pulses offers great process flexibility. Plasma power, time, and gas flow can be adjusted to optimize deposition conditions for different materials.

5.Wide Material Compatibility: Suitable for depositing various materials, including oxides, nitrides, sulfides, and metals, and is particularly suitable for materials like SiNx, AlN, and TiN.

6.Low-Temperature Deposition: Compared to conventional thermal ALD, PEALD allows high-quality film deposition at lower temperatures, crucial for applications on temperature-sensitive substrates like polymers.

Technical parameter：

Main parts:

Application: 

1. Semiconductor Manufacturing

High-k Dielectrics and Metal Gates: PEALD is used to deposit high-k materials (such as HfO₂, ZrO₂) and metal gate materials (such as TiN) in transistors, improving device performance and reducing leakage current.

Copper Interconnect Barrier and Liner Layers: PEALD can deposit low-temperature, high-quality barrier layers (such as TiN, TaN) to prevent copper diffusion in interconnect structures.

Passivation Layers: Depositing passivation layers in integrated circuits and other microelectronic devices to protect the device surfaces from environmental factors, thereby extending device lifespan.

 2. Optoelectronic Devices

Solar Cells: PEALD is used to deposit passivation or buffer layers (such as Al₂O₃, ZnO) in thin-film solar cells (such as CIGS, CdTe, silicon-based solar cells) to enhance photovoltaic conversion efficiency and stability.

LEDs and OLEDs: Deposition of transparent conductive oxides (such as ZnO, SnO₂) or buffer layers in Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) to improve luminous efficiency and lifespan. 

3. Nanotechnology

Nanostructure Coatings: PEALD can deposit uniform films on complex nanostructures (such as nanowires, nanotubes, quantum dots) to control their electrical, optical, and mechanical properties.

Nano device Fabrication: Provides precise material thickness control in the manufacturing of nanoscale electronic and photonic devices, making it suitable for creating ultra-thin functional layers.

 4. Surface Engineering and Protective Coatings

Anti-Corrosion Coatings: Deposition of anti-corrosion coatings (such as Al₂O₃, TiO₂) on metal surfaces to enhance durability in corrosive environments, widely used in aerospace, chemical equipment, and other industries.

Biomedical Applications: Deposition of biocompatible coatings on implants and other biomedical devices to improve compatibility with human tissues and reduce rejection reactions.

 5. Flexible Electronics

Flexible Displays: Low-temperature deposition of high-performance films for flexible displays (such as OLEDs, electronic paper), used in electrodes or protective layers.

Wearable Devices: Deposition of protective or functional layers to enhance the durability and performance of flexible and wearable devices.

 6. Energy Storage and Conversion

Lithium-Ion Batteries: Deposition of protective layers on electrode materials (such as LiCoO₂, LiNiMnCoO₂) and electrolyte interfaces in lithium-ion batteries to extend battery life and improve charge/discharge performance.

Fuel Cells and Supercapacitors: Deposition of catalyst layers and protective layers to enhance the efficiency of fuel cells and the energy density of supercapacitors.

 7. Sensor Technology

Gas Sensors: Deposition of functional films (such as ZnO, TiO₂) on the active or sensitive layers of sensors to improve detection sensitivity and selectivity for specific gases.

Biosensors: Deposition of functional films to enhance the recognition and detection capabilities of biosensors for target molecules.

 8. Optical Components

Anti-Reflective Coatings: Deposition of anti-reflective coatings (such as SiO₂, Al₂O₃) on optical components to reduce light loss and improve transmittance, widely used in optical instruments and imaging devices.

Filters and Lenses: PEALD can deposit thin films with precisely controlled thicknesses for the fabrication of filters, mirrors, and other optical elements.

 9. Display Technology

Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs): Used in the manufacture of thin-film transistors in Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) and OLED displays to improve resolution and performance.

Touch Screen Technology: Deposition of transparent conductive films (such as ITO, ZnO) in touch screens to enhance conductivity and durability.

 Application Case (Depositing SiO₂ on PET Films):

The process of depositing silicon dioxide (SiO₂) on PET (polyethylene terephthalate) films using Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (PEALD) technology requires careful attention to temperature control and plasma conditions to protect the temperature-sensitive PET material. The typical steps for depositing SiO₂ on PET films using PEALD are as follows:

 1.Substrate Preparation

 Cleaning the PET Film: Clean the PET film using an appropriate solvent (such as isopropanol or deionized water) to remove surface contaminants and organic residues. Gently wipe or use ultrasonic cleaning to ensure the surface is clean.

Drying the Substrate: Dry the PET film using nitrogen or dry air to ensure that no moisture remains on the surface.

 2.Loading the Substrate

Fixing the PET Film: Place the cleaned PET film on the sample holder of the ALD system, ensuring that the film surface is flat and free from wrinkles.

Entering the Vacuum Chamber: Close the PEALD system’s sample chamber and evacuate it to the appropriate working pressure (typically between 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁵ Torr) to remove air.

 3.Substrate Heating

Setting the Temperature: Due to the limited heat resistance of PET films, the temperature is usually controlled within a lower range (e.g., 50°C to 100°C) to avoid thermal damage to the film.

Stabilizing the Temperature: Wait until the substrate temperature is stable and evenly distributed across the film surface.

 4.Depositing SiO₂ Thin Film

Pulse Precursor 1 (Silicon Source): Introduce silane (SiH₄) or tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the silicon source precursor. The precursor molecules adsorb onto the PET film surface.

Purge Step: Stop the flow of the silicon source precursor gas and clean the reaction chamber with an inert gas (such as argon or nitrogen) to remove any unreacted precursor molecules and by-products.

Plasma-Enhanced Reaction: Introduce oxygen (O₂) plasma. The plasma excites the oxygen molecules or atoms, which then react with the adsorbed silicon source precursor to form the SiO₂ thin film.

Plasma Conditions: Typically, a low-power plasma (e.g., 10-100 W) is used to avoid damage to the PET film.

Plasma Exposure Time: Set an appropriate plasma exposure time (usually a few seconds) to ensure uniform growth of the SiO₂ film.

Purge Step: Clean the reaction chamber again with an inert gas to remove residual reaction by-products, ensuring the formation of a pure SiO₂ film.

 5.Repeating the Deposition Cycles

Number of Cycles: Repeat the "pulse silicon source - purge - plasma-enhanced reaction - purge" cycle according to the desired SiO₂ film thickness. Each cycle typically deposits about 0.1 to 0.2 nanometers of SiO₂ on the film surface.

Controlling Film Thickness: Adjust the number of cycles to control the final thickness of the SiO₂ thin film.

 6.Cooling and Unloading

Cooling the Substrate: After deposition is complete, gradually reduce the reaction chamber temperature, allowing the PET film to cool to room temperature to avoid deformation or damage from sudden temperature changes.

Unloading the Substrate: Stop the deposition in a vacuum environment, restore the chamber to atmospheric pressure, and remove the deposited PET film.

 7.Thin Film Characterization

Measuring Film Thickness: Use an ellipsometer or other thickness measurement equipment to check if the deposited SiO₂ film thickness meets expectations.

Surface Morphology Analysis: Examine the surface flatness and uniformity of the SiO₂ film using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) or Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).

8.Post-Treatment (Optional)

Post-Annealing (if applicable): If needed, anneal the deposited SiO₂ film under suitable temperature conditions to improve film density and durability.

Notes:

Temperature Control: Maintain the deposition process temperature within the PET film’s tolerance range to avoid thermal damage or deformation.

Plasma Conditions: Use low-power plasma and optimize oxygen flow and plasma exposure time to minimize physical damage to the PET film.